Indirect Citations
An indirect citation uses information from a source that is cited in-text in another source (the secondary source). For example, an article that you are reading contains a cited quote from another article. You want to use the quote in your paper but cannot find the original article.
The use of an indirect citation is not encouraged, but is sometimes necessary when the original article or book cannot be located.
To create an indirect citation, use the author(s) of the original source, followed by "as cited in" and the in-text citation of the secondary source (the source that the original source is cited in). The secondary source is listed on the references page of your paper.
Example:
- The words we use simply appear, as Britton says, “at the point of utterance” (as cited in Smith, 1982, p. 108).
- Author of the original source: Britton
- Source that the original is cited in: Smith
